src/sno.h


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#ifndef SNO_H
#define SNO_H

/* Density of heavy water at 10 degrees Celsius.
 *
 * From Tsing-Lien Chang. "Density of Heavy Water." Nature. May 7, 1949. */
#define HEAVY_WATER_DENSITY 1.10595

/* Density of regular water at 10 degrees Celsius.
 *
 * From Tsing-Lien Chang. "Density of Heavy Water." Nature. May 7, 1949. */
#define WATER_DENSITY 0.99973

/* Radius of the AV in cm. */
#define AV_RADIUS_INNER 600.50
#define AV_RADIUS_OUTER 606.00
#define AV_RADIUS 603.25

#endif
/*
   SipHash reference C implementation

   Copyright (c) 2012-2016 Jean-Philippe Aumasson
   <jeanphilippe.aumasson@gmail.com>
   Copyright (c) 2012-2014 Daniel J. Bernstein <djb@cr.yp.to>
   Copyright (c) 2017 Salvatore Sanfilippo <antirez@gmail.com>

   To the extent possible under law, the author(s) have dedicated all copyright
   and related and neighboring rights to this software to the public domain
   worldwide. This software is distributed without any warranty.

   You should have received a copy of the CC0 Public Domain Dedication along
   with this software. If not, see
   <http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/>.

   ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

   This version was modified by Salvatore Sanfilippo <antirez@gmail.com>
   in the following ways:

   1. We use SipHash 1-2. This is not believed to be as strong as the
      suggested 2-4 variant, but AFAIK there are not trivial attacks
      against this reduced-rounds version, and it runs at the same speed
      as Murmurhash2 that we used previously, why the 2-4 variant slowed
      down Redis by a 4% figure more or less.
   2. Hard-code rounds in the hope the compiler can optimize it more
      in this raw from. Anyway we always want the standard 2-4 variant.
   3. Modify the prototype and implementation so that the function directly
      returns an uint64_t value, the hash itself, instead of receiving an
      output buffer. This also means that the output size is set to 8 bytes
      and the 16 bytes output code handling was removed.
   4. Provide a case insensitive variant to be used when hashing strings that
      must be considered identical by the hash table regardless of the case.
      If we don't have directly a case insensitive hash function, we need to
      perform a text transformation in some temporary buffer, which is costly.
   5. Remove debugging code.
   6. Modified the original test.c file to be a stand-alone function testing
      the function in the new form (returing an uint64_t) using just the
      relevant test vector.
 */
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

/* Fast tolower() alike function that does not care about locale
 * but just returns a-z insetad of A-Z. */
int siptlw(int c) {
    if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') {
        return c+('a'-'A');
    } else {
        return c;
    }
}

/* Test of the CPU is Little Endian and supports not aligned accesses.
 * Two interesting conditions to speedup the function that happen to be
 * in most of x86 servers. */
#if defined(__X86_64__) || defined(__x86_64__) || defined (__i386__)
#define UNALIGNED_LE_CPU
#endif

#define ROTL(x, b) (uint64_t)(((x) << (b)) | ((x) >> (64 - (b))))

#define U32TO8_LE(p, v)                                                        \
    (p)[0] = (uint8_t)((v));                                                   \
    (p)[1] = (uint8_t)((v) >> 8);                                              \
    (p)[2] = (uint8_t)((v) >> 16);                                             \
    (p)[3] = (uint8_t)((v) >> 24);

#define U64TO8_LE(p, v)                                                        \
    U32TO8_LE((p), (uint32_t)((v)));                                           \
    U32TO8_LE((p) + 4, (uint32_t)((v) >> 32));

#ifdef UNALIGNED_LE_CPU
#define U8TO64_LE(p) (*((uint64_t*)(p)))
#else
#define U8TO64_LE(p)                                                           \
    (((uint64_t)((p)[0])) | ((uint64_t)((p)[1]) << 8) |                        \
     ((uint64_t)((p)[2]) << 16) | ((uint64_t)((p)[3]) << 24) |                 \
     ((uint64_t)((p)[4]) << 32) | ((uint64_t)((p)[5]) << 40) |                 \
     ((uint64_t)((p)[6]) << 48) | ((uint64_t)((p)[7]) << 56))
#endif

#define U8TO64_LE_NOCASE(p)                                                    \
    (((uint64_t)(siptlw((p)[0]))) |                                           \
     ((uint64_t)(siptlw((p)[1])) << 8) |                                      \
     ((uint64_t)(siptlw((p)[2])) << 16) |                                     \
     ((uint64_t)(siptlw((p)[3])) << 24) |                                     \
     ((uint64_t)(siptlw((p)[4])) << 32) |                                              \
     ((uint64_t)(siptlw((p)[5])) << 40) |                                              \
     ((uint64_t)(siptlw((p)[6])) << 48) |                                              \
     ((uint64_t)(siptlw((p)[7])) << 56))

#define SIPROUND                                                               \
    do {                                                                       \
        v0 += v1;                                                              \
        v1 = ROTL(v1, 13);                                                     \
        v1 ^= v0;                                                              \
        v0 = ROTL(v0, 32);                                                     \
        v2 += v3;                                                              \
        v3 = ROTL(v3, 16);                                                     \
        v3 ^= v2;                                                              \
        v0 += v3;                                                              \
        v3 = ROTL(v3, 21);                                                     \
        v3 ^= v0;                                                              \
        v2 += v1;                                                              \
        v1 = ROTL(v1, 17);                                                     \
        v1 ^= v2;                                                              \
        v2 = ROTL(v2, 32);                                                     \
    } while (0)

uint64_t siphash(const uint8_t *in, const size_t inlen, const uint8_t *k) {
#ifndef UNALIGNED_LE_CPU
    uint64_t hash;
    uint8_t *out = (uint8_t*) &hash;
#endif
    uint64_t v0 = 0x736f6d6570736575ULL;
    uint64_t v1 = 0x646f72616e646f6dULL;
    uint64_t v2 = 0x6c7967656e657261ULL;
    uint64_t v3 = 0x7465646279746573ULL;
    uint64_t k0 = U8TO64_LE(k);
    uint64_t k1 = U8TO64_LE(k + 8);
    uint64_t m;
    const uint8_t *end = in + inlen - (inlen % sizeof(uint64_t));
    const int left = inlen & 7;
    uint64_t b = ((uint64_t)inlen) << 56;
    v3 ^= k1;
    v2 ^= k0;
    v1 ^= k1;
    v0 ^= k0;

    for (; in != end; in += 8) {
        m = U8TO64_LE(in);
        v3 ^= m;

        SIPROUND;

        v0 ^= m;
    }

    switch (left) {
    case 7: b |= ((uint64_t)in[6]) << 48; /* fall-thru */
    case 6: b |= ((uint64_t)in[5]) << 40; /* fall-thru */
    case 5: b |= ((uint64_t)in[4]) << 32; /* fall-thru */
    case 4: b |= ((uint64_t)in[3]) << 24; /* fall-thru */
    case 3: b |= ((uint64_t)in[2]) << 16; /* fall-thru */
    case 2: b |= ((uint64_t)in[1]) << 8; /* fall-thru */
    case 1: b |= ((uint64_t)in[0]); break;
    case 0: break;
    }

    v3 ^= b;

    SIPROUND;

    v0 ^= b;
    v2 ^= 0xff;

    SIPROUND;
    SIPROUND;

    b = v0 ^ v1 ^ v2 ^ v3;
#ifndef UNALIGNED_LE_CPU
    U64TO8_LE(out, b);
    return hash;
#else
    return b;
#endif
}

uint64_t siphash_nocase(const uint8_t *in, const size_t inlen, const uint8_t *k)
{
#ifndef UNALIGNED_LE_CPU
    uint64_t hash;
    uint8_t *out = (uint8_t*) &hash;
#endif
    uint64_t v0 = 0x736f6d6570736575ULL;
    uint64_t v1 = 0x646f72616e646f6dULL;
    uint64_t v2 = 0x6c7967656e657261ULL;
    uint64_t v3 = 0x7465646279746573ULL;
    uint64_t k0 = U8TO64_LE(k);
    uint64_t k1 = U8TO64_LE(k + 8);
    uint64_t m;
    const uint8_t *end = in + inlen - (inlen % sizeof(uint64_t));
    const int left = inlen & 7;
    uint64_t b = ((uint64_t)inlen) << 56;
    v3 ^= k1;
    v2 ^= k0;
    v1 ^= k1;
    v0 ^= k0;

    for (; in != end; in += 8) {
        m = U8TO64_LE_NOCASE(in);
        v3 ^= m;

        SIPROUND;

        v0 ^= m;
    }

    switch (left) {
    case 7: b |= ((uint64_t)siptlw(in[6])) << 48; /* fall-thru */
    case 6: b |= ((uint64_t)siptlw(in[5])) << 40; /* fall-thru */
    case 5: b |= ((uint64_t)siptlw(in[4])) << 32; /* fall-thru */
    case 4: b |= ((uint64_t)siptlw(in[3])) << 24; /* fall-thru */
    case 3: b |= ((uint64_t)siptlw(in[2])) << 16; /* fall-thru */
    case 2: b |= ((uint64_t)siptlw(in[1])) << 8; /* fall-thru */
    case 1: b |= ((uint64_t)siptlw(in[0])); break;
    case 0: break;
    }

    v3 ^= b;

    SIPROUND;

    v0 ^= b;
    v2 ^= 0xff;

    SIPROUND;
    SIPROUND;

    b = v0 ^ v1 ^ v2 ^ v3;
#ifndef UNALIGNED_LE_CPU
    U64TO8_LE(out, b);
    return hash;
#else
    return b;
#endif
}


/* --------------------------------- TEST ------------------------------------ */

#ifdef SIPHASH_TEST

const uint8_t vectors_sip64[64][8] = {
    { 0x31, 0x0e, 0x0e, 0xdd, 0x47, 0xdb, 0x6f, 0x72, },
    { 0xfd, 0x67, 0xdc, 0x93, 0xc5, 0x39, 0xf8, 0x74, },
    { 0x5a, 0x4f, 0xa9, 0xd9, 0x09, 0x80, 0x6c, 0x0d, },
    { 0x2d, 0x7e, 0xfb, 0xd7, 0x96, 0x66, 0x67, 0x85, },
    { 0xb7, 0x87, 0x71, 0x27, 0xe0, 0x94, 0x27, 0xcf, },
    { 0x8d, 0xa6, 0x99, 0xcd, 0x64, 0x55, 0x76, 0x18, },
    { 0xce, 0xe3, 0xfe, 0x58, 0x6e, 0x46, 0xc9, 0xcb, },
    { 0x37, 0xd1, 0x01, 0x8b, 0xf5, 0x00, 0x02, 0xab, },
    { 0x62, 0x24, 0x93, 0x9a, 0x79, 0xf5, 0xf5, 0x93, },
    { 0xb0, 0xe4, 0xa9, 0x0b, 0xdf, 0x82, 0x00, 0x9e, },
    { 0xf3, 0xb9, 0xdd, 0x94, 0xc5, 0xbb, 0x5d, 0x7a, },
    { 0xa7, 0xad, 0x6b, 0x22, 0x46, 0x2f, 0xb3, 0xf4, },
    { 0xfb, 0xe5, 0x0e, 0x86, 0xbc, 0x8f, 0x1e, 0x75, },
    { 0x90, 0x3d, 0x84, 0xc0, 0x27, 0x56, 0xea, 0x14, },
    { 0xee, 0xf2, 0x7a, 0x8e, 0x90, 0xca, 0x23, 0xf7, },
    { 0xe5, 0x45, 0xbe, 0x49, 0x61, 0xca, 0x29, 0xa1, },
    { 0xdb, 0x9b, 0xc2, 0x57, 0x7f, 0xcc, 0x2a, 0x3f, },
    { 0x94, 0x47, 0xbe, 0x2c, 0xf5, 0xe9, 0x9a, 0x69, },
    { 0x9c, 0xd3, 0x8d, 0x96, 0xf0, 0xb3, 0xc1, 0x4b, },
    { 0xbd, 0x61, 0x79, 0xa7, 0x1d, 0xc9, 0x6d, 0xbb, },
    { 0x98, 0xee, 0xa2, 0x1a, 0xf2, 0x5c, 0xd6, 0xbe, },
    { 0xc7, 0x67, 0x3b, 0x2e, 0xb0, 0xcb, 0xf2, 0xd0, },
    { 0x88, 0x3e, 0xa3, 0xe3, 0x95, 0x67, 0x53, 0x93, },
    { 0xc8, 0xce, 0x5c, 0xcd, 0x8c, 0x03, 0x0c, 0xa8, },
    { 0x94, 0xaf, 0x49, 0xf6, 0xc6, 0x50, 0xad, 0xb8, },
    { 0xea, 0xb8, 0x85, 0x8a, 0xde, 0x92, 0xe1, 0xbc, },
    { 0xf3, 0x15, 0xbb, 0x5b, 0xb8, 0x35, 0xd8, 0x17, },
    { 0xad, 0xcf, 0x6b, 0x07, 0x63, 0x61, 0x2e, 0x2f, },
    { 0xa5, 0xc9, 0x1d, 0xa7, 0xac, 0xaa, 0x4d, 0xde, },
    { 0x71, 0x65, 0x95, 0x87, 0x66, 0x50, 0xa2, 0xa6, },
    { 0x28, 0xef, 0x49, 0x5c, 0x53, 0xa3, 0x87, 0xad, },
    { 0x42, 0xc3, 0x41, 0xd8, 0xfa, 0x92, 0xd8, 0x32, },
    { 0xce, 0x7c, 0xf2, 0x72, 0x2f, 0x51, 0x27, 0x71, },
    { 0xe3, 0x78, 0x59, 0xf9, 0x46, 0x23, 0xf3, 0xa7, },
    { 0x38, 0x12, 0x05, 0xbb, 0x1a, 0xb0, 0xe0, 0x12, },
    { 0xae, 0x97, 0xa1, 0x0f, 0xd4, 0x34, 0xe0, 0x15, },
    { 0xb4, 0xa3, 0x15, 0x08, 0xbe, 0xff, 0x4d, 0x31, },
    { 0x81, 0x39, 0x62, 0x29, 0xf0, 0x90, 0x79, 0x02, },
    { 0x4d, 0x0c, 0xf4, 0x9e, 0xe5, 0xd4, 0xdc, 0xca, },
    { 0x5c, 0x73, 0x33, 0x6a, 0x76, 0xd8, 0xbf, 0x9a, },
    { 0xd0, 0xa7, 0x04, 0x53, 0x6b, 0xa9, 0x3e, 0x0e, },
    { 0x92, 0x59, 0x58, 0xfc, 0xd6, 0x42, 0x0c, 0xad, },
    { 0xa9, 0x15, 0xc2, 0x9b, 0xc8, 0x06, 0x73, 0x18, },
    { 0x95, 0x2b, 0x79, 0xf3, 0xbc, 0x0a, 0xa6, 0xd4, },
    { 0xf2, 0x1d, 0xf2, 0xe4, 0x1d, 0x45, 0x35, 0xf9, },
    { 0x87, 0x57, 0x75, 0x19, 0x04, 0x8f, 0x53, 0xa9, },
    { 0x10, 0xa5, 0x6c, 0xf5, 0xdf, 0xcd, 0x9a, 0xdb, },
    { 0xeb, 0x75, 0x09, 0x5c, 0xcd, 0x98, 0x6c, 0xd0, },
    { 0x51, 0xa9, 0xcb, 0x9e, 0xcb, 0xa3, 0x12, 0xe6, },
    { 0x96, 0xaf, 0xad, 0xfc, 0x2c, 0xe6, 0x66, 0xc7, },
    { 0x72, 0xfe, 0x52, 0x97, 0x5a, 0x43, 0x64, 0xee, },
    { 0x5a, 0x16, 0x45, 0xb2, 0x76, 0xd5, 0x92, 0xa1, },
    { 0xb2, 0x74, 0xcb, 0x8e, 0xbf, 0x87, 0x87, 0x0a, },
    { 0x6f, 0x9b, 0xb4, 0x20, 0x3d, 0xe7, 0xb3, 0x81, },
    { 0xea, 0xec, 0xb2, 0xa3, 0x0b, 0x22, 0xa8, 0x7f, },
    { 0x99, 0x24, 0xa4, 0x3c, 0xc1, 0x31, 0x57, 0x24, },
    { 0xbd, 0x83, 0x8d, 0x3a, 0xaf, 0xbf, 0x8d, 0xb7, },
    { 0x0b, 0x1a, 0x2a, 0x32, 0x65, 0xd5, 0x1a, 0xea, },
    { 0x13, 0x50, 0x79, 0xa3, 0x23, 0x1c, 0xe6, 0x60, },
    { 0x93, 0x2b, 0x28, 0x46, 0xe4, 0xd7, 0x06, 0x66, },
    { 0xe1, 0x91, 0x5f, 0x5c, 0xb1, 0xec, 0xa4, 0x6c, },
    { 0xf3, 0x25, 0x96, 0x5c, 0xa1, 0x6d, 0x62, 0x9f, },
    { 0x57, 0x5f, 0xf2, 0x8e, 0x60, 0x38, 0x1b, 0xe5, },
    { 0x72, 0x45, 0x06, 0xeb, 0x4c, 0x32, 0x8a, 0x95, },
};


/* Test siphash using a test vector. Returns 0 if the function passed
 * all the tests, otherwise 1 is returned.
 *
 * IMPORTANT: The test vector is for SipHash 2-4. Before running
 * the test revert back the siphash() function to 2-4 rounds since
 * now it uses 1-2 rounds. */
int siphash_test(void) {
    uint8_t in[64], k[16];
    int i;
    int fails = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
        k[i] = i;

    for (i = 0; i < 64; ++i) {
        in[i] = i;
        uint64_t hash = siphash(in, i, k);
        const uint8_t *v = NULL;
        v = (uint8_t *)vectors_sip64;
        if (memcmp(&hash, v + (i * 8), 8)) {
            /* printf("fail for %d bytes\n", i); */
            fails++;
        }
    }

    /* Run a few basic tests with the case insensitive version. */
    uint64_t h1, h2;
    h1 = siphash((uint8_t*)"hello world",11,(uint8_t*)"1234567812345678");
    h2 = siphash_nocase((uint8_t*)"hello world",11,(uint8_t*)"1234567812345678");
    if (h1 != h2) fails++;

    h1 = siphash((uint8_t*)"hello world",11,(uint8_t*)"1234567812345678");
    h2 = siphash_nocase((uint8_t*)"HELLO world",11,(uint8_t*)"1234567812345678");
    if (h1 != h2) fails++;

    h1 = siphash((uint8_t*)"HELLO world",11,(uint8_t*)"1234567812345678");
    h2 = siphash_nocase((uint8_t*)"HELLO world",11,(uint8_t*)"1234567812345678");
    if (h1 == h2) fails++;

    if (!fails) return 0;
    return 1;
}

int main(void) {
    if (siphash_test() == 0) {
        printf("SipHash test: OK\n");
        return 0;
    } else {
        printf("SipHash test: FAILED\n");
        return 1;
    }
}

#endif